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Cowlitz County boasts a strong industrial and manufacturing base for the local economy. Major companies such as Weyerhaeuser, Longview Fibre Company, North Pacific Paper Company (NORPAC), and Solvay Interox are located in the city of Longview in Cowlitz County. Numerous banking and financial institutions serve Cowlitz County's consumer, commercial, and industrial markets.

With access to the Columbia River, Interstate 5 and the west coast railways, Longview supports a large and rapidly diversifying manufacturing base. The abundance of timber around Longview provides the city's two largest employers, Weyerhaeuser and Longview Fibre with logs. Other major manufacturers in Longview include NORPAC (newsprint), Pacific Lamination (liquid packaging), Solvay Chemicals (Peroxide), EquaChlor (Chlorine, Caustic Soda). Smaller operations include Epson Toyocom, Northwest Hardwoods, Caffall Brothers, Peterson Manufacturing, JM Huber, Specialty Minerals and the soon to be in operation Simpson Timber Company.

The median income for a household in Cowlitz County in the 2000 Census was $39,797, and the median income for a family was $46,532. Males had a median income of $40,378 versus $25,710 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,583. About 10.30% of families and 14.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.50% of those under age 18 and 6.60% of those age 65 or over.


 



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